This page contains normal sonographic measurements for the abdomen
Abdomen
Adrenal
- 4-6mm
- Thickness 2-4mm
- Width 2-3mm
Aorta
- The maximum AP outer wall diameter is the preferred measurement for assessment of aortic size
- Avoid transverse measurements if there is side to side tortuosity
- Total length of aneurysm measurements are of no use clinically and should not be quoted as this can lead to confusion with the AP diameter
- Aneurysm > 3.0cm
Appendix
- Abnormal: Outer diameter ≥ 6mm, non compressible
Gall Bladder
- Width abnormal if > 4 cm
- Wall Thickness: abnormal > 3 mm
Bile Duct
- Normal ≤ 6mm
- Useful rule of thumb: bile duct caliber increases 1mm with each decade, i.e. 6mm at 60yrs, 7mm at 70 yrs etc.
- Post cholecystectomy: 6-10mm indeterminate
Kidney Length
- Normal Range: lower 9-10cm, upper 12-13 cm, variable depending on body size
- Left usually longer than right, difference <1.5cm
Liver
- Mid hepatic line> 15.5cm enlarged in 75%
- Portal Vein < 1.3 cm, > 20% change in caliber with respiration
- Splenic Vein /SMV > 20% change in caliber with respiration
Pancreas AP Diameter
- Head 1.9 - 2.5 cm
- Body1.5 – 2.1 cm
- Tail 1.0- 2.0
Spleen
- Normal Length < 13 cm
- Rule of thumb for children: spleen length = 6 cm + 1/3 cm per year of age
Prostate
- Upper limit of normal: 30 cc
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